It is through social interactions with family and community that children learn language
Two types of oral language
- Expressive oral language (talking) is the ability to express ideas, name objects and construct sentences.
- Receptive oral language (listening) is the ability to understand the utterances of others.”
Oral language has four components:
1.
Phonology: “the sound of language, what we hear
when someone speaks.” (can sometimes tell what language is being spoken even if
it is not spoken by the listener … because of the phonology of the language)
2.
Morphology: “the meanings of words and word
parts.” (e.g. ‘play’ is a morpheme for plays, played, playground etc.. and –s
is a morpheme that can be added to other morphenes to form plurals)
3.
Syntax: the structure of sentences, how
sentences are constructed and sequenced to convey meaning.” Part of grammar and
involves word order and word agreement. ESL may struggle with this.
4.
Pragmatics: “rules of language use.” Correct
interaction with others in speaking and listening – social and cultural.
References:
https://mersworks.files.wordpress.com/2013/11/if-the-person-you-are-talking-to-doesnt-appear-to-be-listening-be-patient-it-may-simply-be-that-he-has-a-small-piece-of-fluff-in-his-ear.jpg
Winch, G, R
Johnston, P March, L Ljungdahl, and M Holliday. 2012. Literacy: reading,
writing and children's literature. Oxford University Press.
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